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EpoxyScope and type: The type of this EPD is Cradle-to-Gate with options. All major steps from the extraction of natural resources to the final disposal of the product are included in the environmental performance of the manufacturing phase, except those that are not relevant to the environmental performance of the product. This declaration does not imply an indicator result of zero.This EPD is representative for products produced in Saudi Arabia. The paint is produced in Dammam, Saudi Arabia and the application market is for customers in the Middle East. Likewise, for the end-of-life, the fate of the paint product is described within an global context.The software GaBi 10.5.1.124 Professional is used to perform the LCA. In the model Ecoinvent 3.8 database was used.The validity of this EPD is in correspondence with the specifications of the LCA project report. All impacts associated with the upstream production of materials and energy are included in the system boundaries. Mining activities and controlled landfills are included in the product systems. The emissions and resource extractions derived from these processes are considered elementary exchanges between the product systems and the environment. PRODUCT STAGE CONSTRUCTION USE STAGE END OF LIFE BENEFITS AND PROCESS STAGE LOADS BEYOND THE STAGE SYSTEM BOUNDARIES x x x x x ND ND ND ND ND ND ND x x x x ND X = Modules AssessedND = Not Declared LCA process diagram according to EN 15804 7.2.1Representativeness: This EPD is representative for three paint products to Interbuild 1081:1. Interbuild 1081 Grey 2. Interbuild 1081 Red 3. Interbuild 1081 Green This EPD is representative for products manufactured in Dammam Saudi Arabia and sold in the Middle East.Calculation rules: Cut off criteria The cut-off is considered in the raw material supply stage A1. Cut-off of inputs comprises of the raw materials, for which no appropriate proxies were found. In this study there were no cut-off inputs. For recycling of waste packaging material metal and plastic, a cut-off approach was followed. The cut-off point is chosen to be the end of waste treatment.Data quality and data collection period Specific data was collected from AkzoNobel though a questionnaire, including inquiries about paint characteristics and packaging, logistics data e.g. transport, production information and end-of-life. The data collection period for specific data was the year 2022. Data gaps i.e. transport data, end of life scenarios were covered with data generic values for transport as described in the Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules - Decorative Paints document version 1.0 published by CEPE and reviewed in April 2018. Further data gaps i.e. end-of-life transport data were covered with data from internal AkzoNobel LCA studies concerning the same type of products paints and coatings. Generic data i.e. upstream acquisition and production of raw materials, energy generation, transport, waste treatment processes was selected from Ecoinvent 3.8 database. In the case of missing data, a relevant proxy was searched and adjusted to the corresponding unit process.Allocation procedure To allocate the emissions and inputs to the manufactured products, the decision-hierarchy in ISO 14044 is used ISO 2006. It is not possible to sub-divide the site data into a more detailed level or find physical causalities between inputs and outputs, thus allocation is done based on mass, considering the annual production of paint product for each site. The paint production is basically a process of mixing ingredients and, therefore, the environmental impact is fairly likely to be related to the mass of the products. Parameter Value Unit VOC content 151.7 g/l Density 1.5 kg/l Coverage 0.5 m2/l Number of layers 1 QuantityTotal product used 3.044 kg/m2Scenarios and additional technical information A1. Raw materials supply This module considers the extraction and processing of all raw materials and energy which occur upstream to the Interbuild 1081 manufacturing process, as well as waste processing up to the end-of waste state. A2. Transport of raw materials to manufacturer This includes the transport distance of the raw materials to the manufacturing facility via road. Vehicle type used for transport Truck Distance, km 460 Capacity >32 t ,64% payload A3. Manufacturing This module covers the manufacturing of the Interbuild 1081 and includes all processes linked to production such as storing, mixing, packing and internal transportation. Use of electricity, fuels and auxiliary materials in paint production is taken into account as well.Data regarding paint production was provided for the manufacturing site where the Interbuild 1081 is produced: Dammam Saudi Arabia. The transportation distances and transportation modes for raw materials and packaging materials were retrieved from the Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules ΠDecorative paints document. The specific transportation distances and transportation modes to customer were collected from the AkzoNobel logistics department. Primary data and site-specific data were retrieved. For electricity sources standard market mix and renewable mix when applicable the Ecoinvent 3.8 dataset was used. For upstream raw material processes and downstream processes application, use, and waste processing generic data is used when no specific data is obtained. The construction site data includes lighting, heating, offices, etc. The manufacture of production equipment and infrastructure is not included in the system boundary. A4. Transport to Regional Distribution Centre and customer All paint containers are transported from the production facility into a distribution centre and then finally to the customer. On average, the transport characteristics for this life cycle stage are the following Coatings transport typeTransport from factory to RDC Transport from RDC to Point of Sale customer Transport Type Truck Truck Distance km 469 387 Capacity >32 t, 64% payload >32 t, 64% payloadA5. Application and use This module includes the environmental aspects and impacts associated with the application and of the paint.The energy required for the application of this paint has been included in the study. The use of paintbrushes and other appliances used during application are not included. There are some raw materials added in the paint formulations which contain small amounts of solvents. The VOC emissions from the application process have been included in the assessment.C2. Transport to incineration or landfill This module includes one-way transportation distance of the demolition or sorting site to the dump site. End-of-life transport typeTransport to waste processing Vehicle type Truck 34t-40t payload average fleet Distance 80 km Capacity utilisation 64% C3. Waste processing and C4. DisposalThe end of life stage is encompassed in these modules. It is assumed that paint is used as exterior paint. It is assumed that part of the paint is lost during application and the rest is applied. Classification of paint, based on function % of sold paint to landfill % of sold paint to incineration Exterior anti-corrosive coating 88% 12%Declaration of SVHC: None of the substances contained in the product are listed in the fiCandidate List of Substances of Very High Concern for authorisationfl, or they do not exceed the threshold with the European Chemicals Agency.More information: https://www.international-pc.com/products/interbuild-1081